| 概说：形容词做定语和从句做定语。
在英文中我们可以用形容词或其他词类或非谓语动词修饰一名词，如I don’t like impatient guys. Over two million people suffered from the blackout in New York. Those under 17 are not allowed to see the movie. Do you the number of foreign guests coming to the surprise party? 但是要表达更为复杂的意思，简单用形容词无法搞定，我们要用一个句子才行，这种句子来修饰名词，做定语。
一、定语从句中的基本概念。
1)定语从句：修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
2)先行词：位置在定语从句前，被定语从句修饰或限制的对象叫先行词。现在我们来全面理解先行词：
① 先行词可以不只是一个词。尽管我们他这个对象称为先行词，但它不一定就是一个词，它可以是：
A.一个词
The woman who lives next door is a famous singer.
He who hesitates is lost.
B.短语
He likes climbing mountains, which is a good exercise.
C.一个分句
He said that he had no time, which is not true.
D.一个完整句子
He arrived an hour later, which annoyed his girlfriend very much.
My girlfriend likes chatting online with other guys, which really drives me crazy.
3) 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有when, where, why等。其作用有二：A.代词作用:重复代替先行词并在从句中充当一定成分;B.连接作用:起连接主句和从句的作用. 八戒的“我爱你”搞定定语从句
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
用猪八戒跟高老庄的高翠翠爱情故事来讲解定语从句
1.who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
I love you.
I who is a quite fat guy love you.
2.whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略
I love you whom I have known since I came to Gao Laozhuang.
3.Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
I whose heart is full of enormous tenderness love you.
4.Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
My heart which belongs to you is missing you.
I will send you my rake(钉耙) which you must like.
5.That 指人时，相当于who 或whom;指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
替换which
My heart which belongs to you is missing you.
I will send you my rake(钉耙) which you must like.
三、关系副词
1. when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。其先行词一般是表示时间的名词
Since the first day when I saw you, I have been in love with you.
2. where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。其先行词一般是表示地点的名词，有时可以是有地点意义的抽象名词。
I began to love you in Gao Laozhuang where I met you the first time.
3. why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。其先行词一般是表示原因的名词
The reason why I am reluctant to leave is that I love you.
作业：在需要的地方填上who, which, that, when, where, why 或whose(缺不缺，看先行词)
1.The only games _____i play are football and tennis.
2.He is the only student _____understands English well.
3.Is this the money_____ you lost?
4.That is the horse_____ won the race.
5.He is the sort of person______ everyone admires.
6.He is a writer_____ books are interesting.
7.I still remember the years_____ i spent in Beijing.
I still remember the years____ I lived in Beijing www.kaozi.com |
